Biological determinism is the implication of the OP’s question about whether a ‘complete’ neurological understanding of the brain could allow one to make Minority Report judgements 20 years in advance etc. With regards to the question of nature versus nurture, biological determinism would imply that only the former is relevent, as it will entirely determine how someone nurtures their young in any case. I think it entails predestination/fatalism as surely as a theological determinism.
Voices in one’s head, ideas being implanted in one’s head, one’s thoughts being audible to others etc. Yes, they’re described as cognitive deficits, but where do you think these voices and ideas and the senseof"others" able to hear one’s thoughts is really coming from? And yet why do they seem alien? They’re not whole personalities, just factions vying for control of a whole personality. I don’t know if multiple personality disorder is really an extreme state of mind like ‘schizophrenia’. Hardly any actual cases; probably fictional. “Schizophrenia” itself is a Western cultural perception of an extreme state of mind. You know. A black man in America might get diagnosed with ‘schizophrenia’ where’s a white man might get diagnosed with bipolar, showing exactly the same ‘symptoms’.