What praxeological precept(s) confirm anarchism over minarchism in providing for societal economic health AND societal security from external threats?

I will use the balance of this thread to deconstruct the numerous posts by angurse that are logical fallacies, starting with the most recent.

the deconstruction of logical fallacy:

my post:

It is not my theory, it was developed based on years of research by the COW research group. SInce you disagree with the tenet that a change in the balance of power increases the likelihood of war between adversaries, please provide your source or educate us by providing your explanation of why the COW research team’s conclusions are incorrect.–Rettoper

angurse’s strawman reply:

I’ve given a very obvious challenge to the original statement. There are a wide array of complex factors that lead to war, from the political, to religious and ideological, to the cultural and economical.-- angurse

deconstruction:

using angurse’s logic – causal mechanism Z is false because causal mechanisms W, X, and Y are true.

challenges to angurse:

(1) produce the quote in which I said that political, religious, ideological, cultural, and economic factors do not lead to war.

(2) produce the quote in which I said that a change in the balance of power was the only causal mechanism leading to war.

(3) produce the quote in which I said that a change in the balance of power always leads to war.

(4) explain the “logic” of how a causal mechanism for war (change in the balance of power between adversaries) is “proven” false because other causal mechanisms for war exist (politics, ideology, religion, et al)

@ retopper

Are you advocating decentralized, federated democratic statism? I could be misinterpreting.

for example, you say;

I assert that if the USA, russia, china, et al were converted from nation-states to myriad anarchic enclaves you would have far more conflicts and wars simply because you have more actors therefore more chances for disagreement and competition.

Without a strong theory of federalism, this results in the conclusion that the best of all scenarios would be a one world government - unless you believe in localism and that “many actors” is preferable to “fewer actors,” on the condition that the many actors are in a state of solidarity (non-agression/mutual defense) - independent but federated.

If the world was democratized, then likely citizens in each state, province, or nation-state could relocate his business or home to a new area if he was not satisfied with the current regime.

Do you mean democratized and also decentralized or just democratized? If the world is democratized but remains relatively monolithic, relocation will be difficult or meaningless, as it is now in many cases. Try relocating within Western civilization to a place in which your tax dollars will not fund the war in Afghanistan, for example - it’s difficult. Federal level laws are inescapable within the states - no states are even using the power of nullification.

in addition, I oppose pure democracy as this results in the tyranny of the majority.

I concieve of democracy as a system of constant tyranny of the majority, and that is exactly why it’s the least tyrannical system; nearly everyone will find themselves on the side of the majority (the rulers) the majority of the time, which is more than any system, (including anarcho-capitalism, because the majority will rarely be capitalists) can claim. Furthermore, decentralization takes the sting out of ‘being ruled’ because people can relocate or form new communities within the federation with others who share their value systems.

In sum, we should eliminate all government agencies and responsibilities not related to law and defense.

Are you saying that that is the position you would take as a citizen in a democratic polity, or that you would consider overstepping those bounds by the state to be illegitimate and worthy of civil disobedience or relocation? If democracy were applied more fully at a regional level, for example, many polities would vote to have their states do far more than you advocate.

In fact, if democracy were more fully applied, some polities might well decide to be ruled by a monarch or something resembling one, or to institute laws considered repressive by most outgroups. I personally don’t see a problem with this, as long as the individuals concerned can leave if they decide to and the majority can alter or abolish the system if they tire of it.

Finally, in my interpretation of the terms, there is no neccessary contradiction between the advocacy of anarchism and the advocacy of liberal democratic statism per se, if anarchism is understood to be a system where there is no unwarranted authority of one person over another.

The anarchist utopia is one where no one has unwarranted authority over any other, but to the extent that some individuals [i’ll just say it] are evil, this is impossible. Anarchy is only approachable to the extent people are ethical, but to the extent that they aren’t, restrained government is preferable to unrestrained behavior by the unethical.

Paying 10% in taxes is preferable to paying 20% in loss to banditry or extortion. If losing 20% to banditry were the expected alternative to the 10% in taxation, supporting the taxation is anarchistic as it reduces unwarranted authority by 10%. Making the taxes mandatory is even defensible, because free riders steal public goods from all others without compensating them, and in that way aggress against them. The benefit of true democracy coupled with decentralization is that it allows groups to decide on the threat level and the effort justified in countering it, and allows individuals who disagree to attempt a different solution with others who concur. The extent to which any system is effective at reducing the level of unwarranted authority, is, by my interpretation, the level to which it is anarchistic in practice.

ravochol,

Both you and seiben have posted some excellent and substantive arguments. I will give them the thoughtful responses they deserve after addressing the numerous logical fallacies from angurse that have degraded this thread.

Moreover, yours and seiben’s posts have forced me to re-examine some of my assertions. Thanks to both of you for pointing out apparent inconsistencies in my arguments.

I will get back with you after deconstructing some of angurse’s most pointed transgressions.

Rhett,

This is your best post yet. The fact that you are willing to reexamine your assertions in light of reasoned arguments demonstrates you are moving on to the next level. You are not here to merely assert and defend, but rather you are here to examine, think, and question. Thumbs up.

I still don’t think he understood the argument that aggression is much facilitated by the state which makes everyone pay for it, tax or draft.

To the extent that you want defense however, you’re free to pursue it without such hinderances, in an-cap.

@the original post.

If you agree that the majority of our economic activities are governed by the market, and you believe that this system is successful, then you prove praxeologically speaking that anarchy has been a success against it’s foes, the state. Anarchy is the market, I consider the terms synonymous.

Sure, to a degree there is massive interference into the fluid anarchic function of the market, and these interferences misguide the market, keeping the engine from operating as best it can. However this is besides the point that the market(anarchy) is the dominating factor in delivering satisfaction to people world wide.

The reason why I point this out however is because of the aged old fallacious comment of,(paraphrasing)

“Its been empirically show that anarchy is not desired and that democracy is more preferred ect…”

Aside from All the other obvious fallacies in this statement, consider the point I raise above. We are in anarchy, and it works great. In fact the only areas where we have failures are areas where the anarchy is most disturbed, or influenced by a coercive function like the state. So the comment above is blatantly wrong because it is highly likely that the majority of your human action done today is performed inside of the market(a state of anarchy). At least in the US we’ve had anarchy for the majority of our history, and it has consistently prevailed. So I throw the comment back at you, if anarchy, and markets, were not preferred, then praxeologically speaking they would not exist. So the empirical evidence actually shows the contrary, people prefer markets.

We live in a state of anarchy, and it has been a huge success.

filc,

welcome to the discussion.

before I can comment on your post, I am in the process of isolating and correcting some…[“TROLL” ACCUSATIONS ARE FOR THE MEMBER ISSUES FORUM ONLY.]

(see my post – “deconstruction of logical fallacy” above)

after this is accomplished I will respond to your post. However, I do have some questions for you on a few points before I am able to offer my opinion

thanks, and keep following the thread – this wont take long.

using angurse’s logic – causal mechanism Z is false because causal mechanisms W, X, and Y are true.

I didn’t say power perception/uncertainty (or Z) was flat out false or couldn’t be a factor, please quote me if you disagree. I’m challenging the emphasis being placed on it (by yourself) as either a necessary or a sufficient cause. With the very obvious fact that there isn’t ongoing war of all against in spite of the fact that power is always shifting, Z obviously isn’t sufficient in lieu of W, X, and, Y. (And there are plenty of examples where it isn’t even necessary.) In short wars aren’t fought “just because one side is stronger than another.” There is never a “just because.”

challenges to angurse:

(1) produce the quote in which I said that political, religious, ideological, cultural, and economic factors do not lead to war.

(2) produce the quote in which I said that a change in the balance of power was the only causal mechanism leading to war.

Easy enough.

Rettoper, wars aren’t fought just because one side is stronger than the other.-- yuberries

of course they are. History and empirical evidence confirm this.

If wars are fought just because one side is stronger than the other, then the other factors don’t matter.

(3) produce the quote in which I said that a change in the balance of power always leads to war.

I never made such a claim to you.

(4) explain the “logic” of how a causal mechanism for war (change in the balance of power between adversaries) is “proven” false because other causal mechanisms for war exist (politics, ideology, religion, et al)

It isn’t a causal mechanism, a causal mechanism is a process in which the outcome (in this case war) is generated. You have simply overemphasised its (change in the balance of power between adversaries) importance as a factor.

“War arises because of the changing relations of numerous variables–technological, psychic, social, and intellectual. There is no single cause of war. Peace is an equilibrium among many forces. Change in any particular force, trend, movement, or policy may at one time make for war, but under other conditions a similar change may make for peace." - Quincy Wright

angurse fallacy #1 (selective memory loss):

I didn’t say power perception/uncertainty (or Z) was flat out false or couldn’t be a factor–angurse (posted today)

And power is always shifting, unless you have some pet definition of “power equilibrium” this theory is obviously false (emphasis added).–angurse (posted Jul 22 2010 12:19 PM)

also, “Z” is not “power perception/uncertainty”, it is a change in the balance of power between adversaries. Cease misrepresenting my statements. More likely, if you dont understand a statement, dont make assumptions ask for clarification.

angurse Fallacy #2 (strawman defense):

I’m challenging the emphasis being placed on it (by yourself) as either a necessary or a sufficient cause.-- angurse

and I am challenging you to produce the quote I claim that a change in the balance of power was “a necessary or a sufficient cause” for every conflict

angurse fallacy #3 and #4 (strawman and inverse post-hoc ergo propter hoc):

With the very obvious fact that there isn’t ongoing war of all against in spite of the fact that power is always shifting, Z obviously isn’t sufficient in lieu of W, X, and, Y. --angurse

(1) produce the quote in which I claim that conflict always results from a change in the balance of power

(2) produce the quote in which I claim that a change in the balance of power is the only factor for conflict.

(3) produce the quote in which I claim that a change in the balance of power must be present in every war.

angurse fallacy #5 (strawman again, you seem to like the strawman defense):

And there are plenty of examples where it isn’t even necessary.–angurse

produce the quote in which I claim that a change in the balance of power is always required for every conflict.

angurse fallacy #6 (evading)

Easy enough.–angurse

citing logical fallacies are not substantive responses to the challenges I issued.

My challenges remain unanswered.

angurse fallacy #7 ( posting incomplete statements from me that misrepresent my positions)

The quote from me that angurse cut and pasted to support his oft-used and bogus claim that I said that all wars are fought due to a change in the balance of power:

of course they are. History and empirical evidence confirm this.-- Rettoper Jul 21 2010 12:40 PM

My entire quote:

of course they are. History and empirical evidence confirm this.

most wars are fought when one adversary sees a change in the balance of power and uses this temporary advantage to prey on his competitor.–Rettoper Jul 21 2010 12:40 PM emphasis added

using angurse’s logic “most wars” = “all wars”. In sum, while an incomplete cut and paste of my response appears to “support” your assertions, you have misrepresented the substance of my post by intentionally omitting the pivotal statement that conclusively debunks your bogus argument. Moreover, many would consider this tactic intellectually dishonest.

angurse fallacy #8 (extreme selective memory loss)

my challenge to angurse:

(3) produce the quote in which I said that a change in the balance of power always leads to war.–Rettoper emphasis added

angurse’s reply:

I never made such a claim to you --angurse (posted today!!)

angurse’s earlier reply

No, there hasn’t been continuous war against all, like there would if the theory was correct.–angurse (posted on Jul 22, 2010 9:53 PM)

and incredibly, angurse debunks himself in the exact same post with this statement:

With the very obvious fact that there isn’t ongoing war of all against in spite of the fact that power is always shifting, Z obviously isn’t sufficient in lieu of W, X, and, Y. --angurse (posted today !!) emphasis added

angurse fallacy #9 (semantic diversion or theory disproven by misspelling, grammer, or faulty wording)

It isn’t a causal mechanism, a causal mechanism is a process in which the outcome (in this case war) is generated. --angurse

using angurse’s logic – Rettoper’s argument that a change in the balance of power increases the likelihood for war is proven false because causal mechanism is not the proper term used to describe a change in the balance of power.

angurse fallacy #10 (appeal to authority and red herring)

You have simply overemphasised its (change in the balance of power between adversaries) importance as a factor–angurse

The quote angurse used to support the preceding fallacy:

“War arises because of the changing relations of numerous variables–technological, psychic, social, and intellectual. There is no single cause of war. Peace is an equilibrium among many forces. Change in any particular force, trend, movement, or policy may at one time make for war, but under other conditions a similar change may make for peace." - Quincy Wright

Using angurse’s “logic” or lack of understanding of wright’s quote:

(1) Rettoper’s citation (COW’s 45 year empirical study) is debunked because angurse produced a quote from “quincy wright”.

(2) wright’s quote “proves” that a change in the balance of power between adversaries is not a primary cause of war.

(3) a change in the balance of power can lead to peace – so the assertion that a change in the balance of power is a primary factor leading to war is proven false.

(4) since wright didnt state that a change in the balance of power is the primary causal mechanism for war, this theory is “proven false”. amusingly, using angurse’s “logic” I could also cite wright’s statement to support the COW research since wright didnt specifically say that the COW conclusions were false either, so hence (using angurse’s “logic”) a change in the balance of power as a primary factor for war must be “proven”.

In sum, wright’s statement adds nothing substantive or earth shaking to the debate – it is simply another red herring from angurse

challenges to angurse:

(1) produce the statement by wright that debunks the COW assertion that a change in the balance of power is not a primary factor for conflict.

(2) produce the statement in which I claim that a change in the balance of power cannot lead to peace

(3) explain your “logic” in assuming how a change in the balance of power as a primary causal mechanism for war is disproven simply because wright correctly states that it is not the only mechanism for war.

In summary, you are more than welcome to engage in serious and substantive debate on this thread. however, if you continue to engage in spurious and wasteful exercises in logical fallacies and semantic diversions then I am not going to waste my time with you.

Rettoper,

Sorry for not responding earlier (I am bad with long, internet debates). Now I feel that our part of the conversation is less relevant to the thread as a whole, but I may peruse the thread tonight and maybe provide more up-to-date insight. For now, I will respond to your response to me very many pages ago.

You write,

I agree with a caveat.

for example, praxeology can only identify which system is more efficient, in contrast it cannot predict which system will be most effective. if the statist defense system is larger in real terms (the case throughout recorded history) then it will likely prevail.

I guess it depends on what you want to imply with the word “effective”. I think we both agree that “effective” is not synonymous with or close to “efficient”. And so, a SWAT team will be more effective than a free man with a shot gun at storming a building, but not necessarily more efficient. Or, government may be more effective at getting a big company president a virtual monopoly on a market, but this is not necessarily efficient. In this sense, I agree with you. A national military, which enjoys an endless supply of revenue to bid resources away from the private sector will be more effective as a military force (due to sheer financial power/size/et cetera) than a private military, that does not enjoy these monopolistic traits. As such, I agree that in a world where countries exist, it would be difficult for an anarchic society to exist (unless we lived in an age like the one we do today, and where Western countries are not as prone to invade smaller, defenseless states).

in addition, praxeology cannot predict intangibles like elan or defense agency cohesion under extreme stress of combat. by definition a private defense agency is a for profit entity. ---- what is the profit or logic in dying for the “bottom line” ?? IN contrast, praxeology cannot discount the force multiplier of an army fighting for an ideal (freedom, nationalism, religion, et al)

Again, I agree with you, but I’m not sure where you’re going with this. As a Spaniard, I can sympathize with the idea that those who do not fight for country (if that’s the main reason to fight any given war) usually fight less than those who do. There is little patriotism in Spain. On the other hand, patriotism is not the only thing to fight for. Those who were slaughtered at Waco were pretty die-hard for their cause, and it was not led by patriotism. In any case, in short, I’m not sure what your point is.

lastly, many anarchists on this site are unabashedly against the possession and use of nuclear weaponry.

I don’t think anybody on this site could tell you for sure if nuclear weapons would be owned or not in an anarchic society.

his appears to be a direct contradiction to praxeological precepts that would predict a defense agency would possess the most effective weaponry and tactics.

Is owning a nuclear bomb always the most effective weapon? Is it effective for a police force to use a nuclear bomb against a burglary? What types of threats would defense agencies be dealing with?

for example, it is a contradiction that ancaps would reject WMD out of hand and at the same time sing the praises of a methodology that would likely advocate its possession and use under many circumstances (defense against statist predation)

I agree, owning a nuclear weapon would be a great defense against predator states (although, I don’t think anybody would actually use them - the predator state would simply avoid threatening those who hold WMDs, which is why the United States is opposed to WMD distribution; it makes the USA less relevant and the world more multi-polar). But, in an anarchic society, I hardly think this is an important issue to discuss.

I didn’t say power perception/uncertainty (or Z) was flat out false or couldn’t be a factor–angurse (posted today)

And power is always shifting, unless you have some pet definition of “power equilibrium” this theory is obviously false (emphasis added).–angurse (posted Jul 22 2010 12:19 PM)

You are filling in gaps with delusion, this theory (that nations go to war “just because” of power equilibrium) is obviously false. You even agree its false.

also, “Z” is not “power perception/uncertainty”, it is a change in the balance of power between adversaries. Cease misrepresenting my statements. More likely, if you dont understand a statement, dont make assumptions ask for clarification.

Your case? What about “It is not my theory”? Further, the COW case is power perception/uncertainty. So explain how your case differs.

and I am challenging you to produce the quote I claim that a change in the balance of power was “a necessary or a sufficient cause” for every conflict

Already have:

Easy enough.

Rettoper, wars aren’t fought just because one side is stronger than the other.-- yuberries

of course they are. History and empirical evidence confirm this.

If wars are fought just because one side is stronger than the other, then the other factors don’t matter.

With the very obvious fact that there isn’t ongoing war of all against in spite of the fact that power is always shifting, Z obviously isn’t sufficient in lieu of W, X, and, Y. --angurse

(1) produce the quote in which I claim that conflict always results from a change in the balance of power

(2) produce the quote in which I claim that a change in the balance of power is the only factor for conflict.

(3) produce the quote in which I claim that a change in the balance of power must be present in every war.

1 and 3 see last post. 2, see last post or directly above.

produce the quote in which I claim that a change in the balance of power is always required for every conflict.

See last post.

using angurse’s logic “most wars” = “all wars”. In sum, while an incomplete cut and paste of my response appears to “support” your assertions, you have misrepresented the substance of my post by intentionally omitting the pivotal statement that conclusively debunks your bogus argument. Moreover, many would consider this tactic intellectually dishonest.

Not once have a made the claim that you said “all wars.” Again, you are filling in the blanks yourself and attributing it to me. But my case obviously challenges “most wars” as well if you’d like to go there. Further, my focus was on “just because” including the second half doesn’t take away from that in the slightest. At best, its an “also” but since I haven’t claimed you said wars are only fought due to power its a complete non-issue.

No, there hasn’t been continuous war against all, like there would if the theory was correct.–angurse (posted on Jul 22, 2010 9:53 PM)

So did you see the word “all” and just completely confuse it? If the theory that war was fought “just because” of a power shift there would be a continuous war.

using angurse’s logic – Rettoper’s argument that a change in the balance of power increases the likelihood for war is proven false because causal mechanism is not the proper term used to describe a change in the balance of power.

Are you kidding me? Read the first three lines of my prior post. Calling it a causal mechanism is simply a mistake on your part that should be corrected.

Using angurse’s “logic” or lack of understanding of wright’s quote:

Stop. A never said the quote proved a thing, this is more of your imagination getting the best of you. The quote is simply fitting as it sums up my argument against “power balance” being such an important factor in war. Your claims of red herring are, once again, misused.

(1) produce the statement by wright that debunks the COW assertion that a change in the balance of power is not a primary factor for conflict.

Read his books “the Study of War” and “the Study of International Relations” if you want to know more of his ideas.

(2) produce the statement in which I claim that a change in the balance of power cannot lead to peace

Never made a contrary claim. So, no.

(3) explain your “logic” in assuming how a change in the balance of power as a primary causal mechanism for war is disproven simply because wright correctly states that it is not the only mechanism for war.

See above

In summary, you are more than welcome to engage in serious and substantive debate on this thread. however, if you continue to engage in spurious and wasteful exercises in logical fallacies and semantic diversions then I am not going to waste my time with you.

This is an impossible task, you don’t know what a logical fallacy is, as I, Jon, and others have spent pages trying to correct your “logical” blunders and your claims of semantic diversion have been nothing more than avoiding the facts.

angurse,

You are more than welcome to engage in serious and substantive debate on this thread. However, since you continue to engage in excessively spurious and wasteful exercices in logical fallacies and semantic diversions deviod of fact, logic, and empiricism (see below) then I am not going to waste my time with you.

The following post is my initial challenge to counter angurse’s repeated use of logical fallacies and semantice diversions (Posted: Sat, Jul 24 2010 12:07 AM) :

I will use the balance of this thread to deconstruct the numerous posts by angurse that are logical fallacies, starting with the most recent.

the deconstruction of logical fallacy:

my post:

It is not my theory, it was developed based on years of research by the COW research group. SInce you disagree with the tenet that a change in the balance of power increases the likelihood of war between adversaries, please provide your source or educate us by providing your explanation of why the COW research team’s conclusions are incorrect.–Rettoper

angurse’s strawman reply:

I’ve given a very obvious challenge to the original statement. There are a wide array of complex factors that lead to war, from the political, to religious and ideological, to the cultural and economical.-- angurse

deconstruction:

using angurse’s logic – causal mechanism Z is false because causal mechanisms W, X, and Y are true.

challenges to angurse:

(1) produce the quote in which I said that political, religious, ideological, cultural, and economic factors do not lead to war.

(2) produce the quote in which I said that a change in the balance of power was the only causal mechanism leading to war.

(3) produce the quote in which I said that a change in the balance of power always leads to war.

(4) explain the “logic” of how a causal mechanism for war (change in the balance of power between adversaries) is “proven” false because other causal mechanisms for war exist (politics, ideology, religion, et al)

The following post is my deconstruction of angurse’s unrepentant reply to my challenge (posted: Sun, Jul 25 2010 10:55 PM) :

angurse fallacy #1 (selective memory loss):

I didn’t say power perception/uncertainty (or Z) was flat out false or couldn’t be a factor–angurse (posted today)

And power is always shifting, unless you have some pet definition of “power equilibrium” this theory is obviously false (emphasis added).–angurse (posted Jul 22 2010 12:19 PM)

also, “Z” is not “power perception/uncertainty”, it is a change in the balance of power between adversaries. Cease misrepresenting my statements. More likely, if you dont understand a statement, dont make assumptions ask for clarification.

angurse Fallacy #2 (strawman defense):

I’m challenging the emphasis being placed on it (by yourself) as either a necessary or a sufficient cause.-- angurse

and I am challenging you to produce the quote I claim that a change in the balance of power was “a necessary or a sufficient cause” for every conflict

angurse fallacy #3 and #4 (strawman and inverse post-hoc ergo propter hoc):

With the very obvious fact that there isn’t ongoing war of all against in spite of the fact that power is always shifting, Z obviously isn’t sufficient in lieu of W, X, and, Y. --angurse

(1) produce the quote in which I claim that conflict always results from a change in the balance of power

(2) produce the quote in which I claim that a change in the balance of power is the only factor for conflict.

(3) produce the quote in which I claim that a change in the balance of power must be present in every war.

angurse fallacy #5 (strawman again, you seem to like the strawman defense):

And there are plenty of examples where it isn’t even necessary.–angurse

produce the quote in which I claim that a change in the balance of power is always required for every conflict.

angurse fallacy #6 (evading)

Easy enough.–angurse

citing logical fallacies are not substantive responses to the challenges I issued.

My challenges remain unanswered.

angurse fallacy #7 ( posting incomplete statements from me that misrepresent my positions)

The quote from me that angurse cut and pasted to support his oft-used and bogus claim that I said that all wars are fought due to a change in the balance of power:

of course they are. History and empirical evidence confirm this.-- Rettoper Jul 21 2010 12:40 PM

My entire quote:

of course they are. History and empirical evidence confirm this.

most wars are fought when one adversary sees a change in the balance of power and uses this temporary advantage to prey on his competitor.–Rettoper Jul 21 2010 12:40 PM emphasis added

using angurse’s logic “most wars” = “all wars”. In sum, while an incomplete cut and paste of my response appears to “support” your assertions, you have misrepresented the substance of my post by intentionally omitting the pivotal statement that conclusively debunks your bogus argument. Moreover, many would consider this tactic intellectually dishonest.

angurse fallacy #8 (extreme selective memory loss)

my challenge to angurse:

(3) produce the quote in which I said that a change in the balance of power always leads to war.–Rettoper emphasis added

angurse’s reply:

I never made such a claim to you --angurse (posted today!!)

angurse’s earlier reply

No, there hasn’t been continuous war against all, like there would if the theory was correct.–angurse (posted on Jul 22, 2010 9:53 PM)

and incredibly, angurse debunks himself in the exact same post with this statement:

With the very obvious fact that there isn’t ongoing war of all against in spite of the fact that power is always shifting, Z obviously isn’t sufficient in lieu of W, X, and, Y. --angurse (posted today !!) emphasis added

angurse fallacy #9 (semantic diversion or theory disproven by misspelling, grammer, or faulty wording)

It isn’t a causal mechanism, a causal mechanism is a process in which the outcome (in this case war) is generated. --angurse

using angurse’s logic – Rettoper’s argument that a change in the balance of power increases the likelihood for war is proven false because causal mechanism is not the proper term used to describe a change in the balance of power.

angurse fallacy #10 (appeal to authority and red herring)

You have simply overemphasised its (change in the balance of power between adversaries) importance as a factor–angurse

The quote angurse used to support the preceding fallacy:

“War arises because of the changing relations of numerous variables–technological, psychic, social, and intellectual. There is no single cause of war. Peace is an equilibrium among many forces. Change in any particular force, trend, movement, or policy may at one time make for war, but under other conditions a similar change may make for peace." - Quincy Wright

Using angurse’s “logic” or lack of understanding of wright’s quote:

(1) Rettoper’s citation (COW’s 45 year empirical study) is debunked because angurse produced a quote from “quincy wright”.

(2) wright’s quote “proves” that a change in the balance of power between adversaries is not a primary cause of war.

(3) a change in the balance of power can lead to peace – so the assertion that a change in the balance of power is a primary factor leading to war is proven false.

(4) since wright didnt state that a change in the balance of power is the primary causal mechanism for war, this theory is “proven false”. amusingly, using angurse’s “logic” I could also cite wright’s statement to support the COW research since wright didnt specifically say that the COW conclusions were false either, so hence (using angurse’s “logic”) a change in the balance of power as a primary factor for war must be “proven”.

In sum, wright’s statement adds nothing substantive or earth shaking to the debate – it is simply another red herring from angurse

challenges to angurse:

(1) produce the statement by wright that debunks the COW assertion that a change in the balance of power is not a primary factor for conflict.

(2) produce the statement in which I claim that a change in the balance of power cannot lead to peace

(3) explain your “logic” in assuming how a change in the balance of power as a primary causal mechanism for war is disproven simply because wright correctly states that it is not the only mechanism for war.

Your latest post is a continuation of the disturbing pattern illustrated above.

In summary, it appears that with your latest post you will continue to pile fallacy on top of fallacy, engage in sematic distractions, cite books you have “read” to support arguments in the absence of any supporting analysis, red herring links to amazon.com of books you have “read” in the absence of any supporting argument , ad hominems (labeling those who challenge your arguments as “fools” and “liars”), and hyper-critical nitpicking of posts that contribute nothing substantive to the debate.

Honestly this is being way over analyzed. Praxeology is not that complicated of a subject. Thats what makes it so attractive IMO. If there is a difference of opinion here then leave it at that.

QFT

I have no idea how this thread has made it to 9 pages.

Why do the worst threads always go on the longest? Trollers with too few hobbies.

The longest threads are always due to one of the following: trolls, sematics, and people just not knowing when to stop. Oh and 10 pages of everybody accusing each other of straw mans.

That sir is a strawman! I call thee out!

Ah! You got me! Now lets just accuse each other of the same accusations and see how many pages we can get to.

Seiben,

No I’m saying PDAs have a harder time expropriating than states, because states socialize their costs.

agreed

There’s a demand for protection. If any PDA became a threat to liberty there would arise an instant demand for protection from it…

so you acknowledge that a PDA could become a threat to liberty and that competition would result.

however, are you rejecting the possibility of a monopolistic PDA taking and holding absolutist power over the rest of anarchic society ? Why would they need to surrender security to placate the “market”. why would they need to further cater to potential customers when they had the means to take or destroy competitors hold on the centers of gravity – water, energy, transportation, food, weaponry, et al ?

No Hitler was crazy. The war was fought between crazy ideologies, nazism vs communism vs imperialist democracies. No factions cared about long term economic health. If people had to choose to pay the costs of war up front, they would have realized “OH its cheaper for me to just buy land instead of building ten thousand tanks and losing tens of millions of young men! Derp”

what would prevent hitler, mao, FDR, et al from gaining power in the form of a talented CEO of a monopolistic PDA or insurance company ?

free market forces have not/will not deterred war in the past over religious, cultural, territorial, or security motives. Moreover, if all wars were unproductive, then why have so many been fought? Were leaders (ceasar, khan, frederick, charlemagne, napoleon, hitler, et al) simply stupid and miscalculating, and will this violent afflication suddenly be removed simply because the market is now in play?

No the United States can attack pretty much any small crappy country it wants. So can China. They just don’t do it all the time because its really bad press, and it costs a lot of money.

It appears that you are admitting that the current geopolitic deters war in the same way that the free market anarchic society would, bad press and costs. I think it is unfair that many anarchists think that all leaders, particularily those in liberal democracies, are blood thirsty, self interested, and miscalculating evil rogues who start wars for self-serving motives.

You seem to not understand that the fundamental difference between a PDA and a state is privately born costs and socialized costs. If you socialize costs you run into the same moral hazards you keep hearing about with bailouts etc…

You misread my statement. I have never questioned the efficiency of the capitalist system relative to statism. I have questioned the assertion that increased efficiency will remove the factors that have led to war since the dawn of civilization. Because a PDA is more efficient doesnt mean that it will stop doing what PDAs have done since the beginning of civilization.

So if madagascar had lots of wealth you think it would be attacked? See what I’m saying is that as long as madagascar is a peaceful trading partner, there’s no reason for anyone to invade it…

peaceful nations that possessed some strategic prize (oil, minerals, sea lanes, fresh water, arable land, et al) have been annexed throughout history. Moreover, these wars have had costs yet nations still went to war because they perceived the benefits outweighed the costs. Also, many wars have been fought for reasons that had nothing to do with economics.

Are private armies immune from engaging in conflict for cultural, religious, ideological, et al motives?

Are you saying that wars will no longer be fought for economic motives (fresh water, minerals, arable land, oil, sea lanes, et al) simply because the antagonists are private.

If states are economically ignorant, they will go around attacking and trying to enslave people. This is becoming less and less the case.

liberal democracies have been very aggressive and warlike in attacking and defending against statist regimes despite the fact that they operate within the constraints of the free market. They purchase all of their materials and munitions from the free market. These goods are subject to market forces when the dept. of defense (DOD) buys them. Often the DOD rejects weapon systems because they are priced too high. So no, the USA is not ignorant economically. OUr actions abroad are severely restricted by market forces as would a PDA be.

you are probably mistaking the USA for a statist regime with a command economy like the former USSR.

No, if you have to bear the costs of your actions war becomes unprofitable. Its only when you can pass the costs on to citizens but reap all the benefits yourself, i.e. statism, that war becomes a way of life.

you are under the impression that states can spend with impunity in funding wars. This is not true. The USA has been very selective and limited in purchasing weapon systems and other defense expenditures. While your statement is true with respect to pure command economies, it is wrong with respect to liberal democracies.

Indeed, even deficit spending and dollar manipulation cannot forestall wastes in defense spending. Due to these emerging fiscal and monetary demons, the DOD has been forced to scale down or cancel numerous weapon systems and strategic goals.

still, if the benefits of war outweigh the costs then war will be the result.

Interestingly, since PDAs reduce costs, this will make conflict more likely since it will be more profitable due to the lower costs of waging war will make plunder more profitable or culture wars less costly. Heretofore, unprofitable wars will now become profitable due to lower costs to wage war . Hence more war under the anarchic system.

What are you talking about? Do you not understand the calculation problem? It says that the state will have no idea whether to use steel or aluminum or whatever because it doesn’t have price inputs. They’ll have no information about real world scarcity or actual demand for the commodity. They’ll misallocate the resources; blow it all on tanks one month and then figure out later that there’s a shortage and they can’t make planes because there was no price to tell them to cut back…

you dont seem to understand that the DOD operates within the constraints of the free market pricing system. The DOD doesnt set the price of anything it buys, the free market determines the price of skilled labor, innovation, aluminum, titanium, jet fuel, gunpowder, uranium, steel, transportation costs, et al.

it the DOD spends too much money on tanks, the price of airplanes, ships, et al will increase due to the use of scarce resources that are devoted to tanks instead of planes, ships, et al. I understand this completely. however, you dont understand that the DOD and virtually every other nation on the planet except command economies (cuba, north korea, mozamibique, et al) operated under the constraints of free market pricing.

No because governments are involuntary.

Not quite. You can run for office, become president, senator, representative, governor, et al. Moreover, anarchists have the wherewithal to change the system from within if they choose and their ideas are popular or voted for by the “political marketplace” of ideas. Or you can move to the another nation (or PDA) of your choice if you dont like the USA.

Lastly, nobody is stopping you and other anarchists from taking up arms and securing power by force as was done by classical liberals in 1776. Or anarchists can continue to whine and moan, but none of these actions are involuntary, you have a choice.

This appears to be a primary impediment to anarchic goals, mainly the lack of a plan. Moreover, this ideology is rife with hypocrisy and the lack of adherents willing to make substantive sacrifices to promote its realization since many anarchists tactily accept statist dominance and legitmacy by “gaming the system” by greedily accepting student loans, government jobs, et al.

You go out and attack everyone in a geographic area and force them to pay taxes to support your idea. A PDA with built in checks and balances is still private; funded voluntarily on the market… it is not a monopolist of law.

What would prevent a PDA from achieving monopolistic force and “crossing the rubicon” and going absolutist ?

In contrast, the overwhelming majority of Americans and other citizens are confident (based on the absence of serious civil disorder) that their governments with its checks and balances and decentralization of power politically, economically, and militarily will not become absolutist.

i am not convinced that by gutting liberal democracies’ global dominance and replacing it with an unproven anarchic system (if that is even possible) will not play into the hands of statists who will use this as an opportunity to take power from naive well -intentioned anarchists.

the most feared word to a statist is liberalism, not anarchism. since liberal democracies have been the bane of all absolutist ideologies since 1776.

IN sum, I think the statist would welcome the elimination of liberal democracy and I bet that the ranks of anarchic cheerleaders would be rife with statists lying in wait to gain power once liberal society crumbled.

Well the “actors” in the global stage act irresonspibly because they are states, not individuals.

the issue is more complicated than you are stating. the leaders of states are accountable – see 2010 when the democrats will be voted out en masse. Moreover, it appears that obama will be voted out unceremoniously in 2012. The political and economic infrastructure that supported these malinvestors will also lose power, privledge, and income. Unquestionably, liberal democracy is less efficient than ancap society, however it is unfair to make the sweeping assertion that the political actors and their cronies in the private and public sector do not suffer irrepairable losses themselves from inefficient, wasteful, and corrupt policies.

moreover, we have seen that professional managers do not suffer and are not accountable when the corporations that they control fail and the shareholders lose everything they invested. The free market is rife with instances of professional managers who act irresposibly without risk to themselves as companies collapse while these managers move on to the next corporate victim with lucrative golden parachutes in tow. and if they are exposed, they still have hundreds of millions (even billions) to retire comfortably. the free market is victimized by crooks and miscalculating leaders too. Many times these corporate crooks only need one “heist” to guarantee them a comfortable life of leisure.

and when this corruption occurs within a dominant PDA (corrupt leaders are attracted to power, like flies to shit) then anarchic society crumbles, absolutism emerges, and we are back to square one as in 500 BC.

I dont think the hundreds of millions of citizens who acknowledge that statism is a vice are willing to dismantle the very system (liberal democracy) that has rolled back the evils of statism for an unproven, potentially vulnerable system.

note that the extreme hate for classical liberalism that is a very disturbing trait of all anarchic movements, this has a strong statist undercurrent.

if a successful revolution or evolution occurs dont be surprised to see yourself on the chopping block by co-conspirators who you thought were ancap, but were statists laying in wait – as they are always in times of strife waiting to take the spoils from well intentioned humanitarians and idealists who have done the heavily lifting to force change and the removal of liberal society.

So you make a deal with the PDA’s CEOs and commanders, saying that if 3/5 the insurance companies vote a certain way, they can hit a killswitch that will set off bombs in the heads of the top officials, and a new set of leaders will move in.

your going to have to find another example, I dont think any competent CEO is going to assent to a bomb in his brain. And if any would, I dont want this fool defending me. The point is that a PDA could/and will go absolutist, there are no substantive checks to this eventuality.

First of all, its going to be hell for the statist to attack any PDA. They’ll lose more attacking than they’ll gain by looting everything… secondly if you think the way liabilities are distributed is stupid, you can always offer to buy up both the liabilities of main and boston, since by protecting both you can offer lower premiums to the customers. The market well automatically set up PDAs along territorial significant lines.

I disagree, statism fears competition because competition exposes its shortcomings. An anarchic society represents a survival level threat to statism, as a result they would risk everything to prevent the anarchic regime from reaching critical mass of being able to fend off attacks. However, I think that there are so many obstacles to an actual anarchic society being formed that the statists dont have much to worry about right now. Moreover, i think that statist elements will be heavily embedded within an emerging anarchic society that they would likely take over the reins of power at its inception. in contrast to the well intentioned naivete of the pure anarchists, the statist is a devious brutal thug who could easily brush aside (isolate, torture, and kill) the idealistic anarchists.

You have yet to prove that it really is profitable for private forces to engage in plundering.

if the costs of plundering decrease through the productivity of the anarchic system, then heretofore unprofitable plunders become profitable. Moreover, not all wars are fought for economic motives. you break up the former USA its melting pots will coalesce into a mosiac of disparate, balkanized, distinct, vastly different, and distrustful cultural, racial, ideological, et al enclaves - - war will result, and not for economic motives alone.

We don’t have free riders because people simply buy insurance, transferring the liability of the many to the liability of the few

you know that the USA did not intervene in WWI and WWII until absolutely necessary. Moreover, democracies like switzerland and sweden did not intervene at all. In an anarchic system, it is near impossible to get a free rider to come to the aid of a neighboring anarchic enclave under attack by a statist rival.

The free rider problem is not internal, it is among neighboring anarchic enclaves protected by disparate competing PDAs. THey will not risk resources to defend a competitor, more likely they will hope for a statist victory so they can pick -up some new customers from the detritus of war.

Bidding down costs doesn’t mean “cheaping out”. It means that profits are marginal. It would be stupid to pay for a defense plan that only had a 50% chance of working…

I stand corrected.

you are correct and I should know this. Of course, the pursuit of profit within an anarchic society would lower costs and improve quality at the same time, while profits as a percentage of overall economic activity would be miniscule. In contrast, with a statist command economy where profit is vilified, there would be mountains of waste and cost overruns since there would be no reward or incentive to lower costs and improve quality.

thanks for reminded me of the obvious. I was starting to sound like a fool leftist.

State elites don’t care about the common man. Not in any time and especially not in war. You rely on some sort of aesthetic duty of state elites to rise up to the challenge and suddenly care deeply about the proletariat. Its simply unrealistic.

I agree that statist elites dont care about the common man, but if they fail to win wars they lose power and oft times end up on the chopping block. they are motivated to continue to hold power and losing wars in very bad for statist leaders. As a result, they will not hold anything back to win wars. History has shown that statist regimes can fight vigorous wars and die by the millions to defend themselves, they are not the pushovers that you claim. if an anarchic society took the statist threat for granted, it would likely end up on the ash heap of history as so many peaceful, efficient, and free societies adjacent to aggressive statist regimes have painfully learned.

False dichotomy. People pay PDAs BECAUSE they want to survive. Profit is a signal for the market to adjust to these needs. Without profit, states are just blindly guessing when to prioritize security.

i agree, also profit rewards innovation and improved productivity that BOTH lower costs and increases quality.

Yeah it helps but im not relying on it.

if the anarchic society was moral. Would it favor the use of nuclear weapons, premptive attacks, preventative wars, et al ??

and if not, do you reject the notion that these aggressive measures have no utility in insuring societal defense and survival against external threats ?

I actually think that in terms of “global actors” there would be fewer. It doesn’t make sense for there to be a hundred fractured african countries when really they are all at risk to the same warlords etc… To overcome their collective action problem, an insurance firm could offer to buy up all their liabilities and then defend then. So before you had a bunch of uncoordinated governments unable to organize an effective defense against wandering warlords, and after the insurance/PDAs get involved you have a small number of much larger organizations defending the territories.

who would defend against a rogue insurance/PDA ?

moreover, we already have an effective mutual defense pact on the geopolitic — it is liberal democracies which have never waged war against each other. for example, it is highly unlikely that the USA (the most warlike liberal democracy) will attack canada, UK, belguim, netherlands, germany, sweden, norway, finland, denmark, france, spain, austria, japan, chile, costa rica, et al.

I will respond to the balance later. I am worried about accidently deleted what I have already posted.

what would prevent hitler, mao, FDR, et al from gaining power in the form of a talented CEO of a monopolistic PDA or insurance company ?

Loosing money tends to make you very unpopular when leading a company. Not so much in democracies. The larger firms are large for a reason. They serve interests of their customers and stockholders the best, and the chance having Hitler, Mao, or FDR being the choice for a CEO in a company who’s on the equivalent of a fortune 500, and remaining so is astronomically low.

Think about the PDA company who starts a war? Everybody rushes to sell their stock, since dividends are obviously going down since it’s all going to war. How long do you think 1 billion dollars will last when paying 100 thousand mercenaries to fight a war? No stock holders will see the plummeting profits? Plummeting dividends? The board won’t immediately fire the CEO? The Stockholders won’t immediately demand an end to this money drain? You don’t think the trend will be to stockpile into other PDAs? You don’t think resistance and subversion will make a hostile take over of the area unprofitable? Sure maybe when all they had to fight back with were pitch forks it was easy. But with guns, IED’s and all that? Afghanistan is exactly what would happen to the PDA, but that PDA would no longer have funding.