It is actually quite easy to refute all other schools of economic thought- even for none-economists, provided you start with the one fundamental assumption that all none-Austrian schools share, the one assumption from which all of their subsequent assumptions /theories/ predictions and statist “solutions” invariably must spring.
That one common assumption is the assumption of truth of their “economic man” model.
“Economic man” and its minor variations is the heart, that is, the fundamental assumptive model used in all none-Austrian schools of economic thought- from Classical to Marxist, from Friedman to Krugman- the root from which all of their other [statist] assumptions inevitably spring.
Although I have not read Mr Caplan, I can pretty much guarantee that “economic man” is the heart, the “swan-song” , of all of his subsequent economic theories- as surely as night follows day.
Menger destroyed/ripped out the “economic man” model at the heart of both classical economics and Marxist ideology [Marx could never refute “economic man”] , and Mises built on his and other Austrians work , completely replacing the “economic man” model with the far more real world assumptions of methodological individualism and subjective valuation theory[ i.e. Austrian Praxeology ], then used that praxeology as the basis for the formulation of his own observations and conclusions about economic problems.
However, reading the praxeological sections in Menger and Mises may seem a bit daunting for the average reader.
If you are interested in understanding Austrian praxeological principles, I would suggest ,in place of Menger and Mises, the far more easily understood [by the layman] opening chapters [part 1] of “How I Found Freedom in an Unfree World” by Harry Browne , which is in essence “just” a beautiful, simplified , easy to read re-statement and application of the principles of methodological individualism and subjective valuation.
Although it is not recognized as such by most “Austrians”, for me, “How I Found Freedom in an Unfree World” is absolutely the best exposition of the principles of methodological individualism and subjective value theory as originally laid out by Menger and Mises etc.,[because its the clearest/simplest] , and how to apply those principles in everyday life.