Actually, I’m not particularly fond of welfare myself, neither on a personal nor intellectual level. But in rare exceptions I happen to think it’s a pretty good idea, and without getting into the particulars this is one of them. Of course I understand the concept of principles, but I’m not going to butt heads with the OP or other posters over who is more principled because it’s going to go absolutely nowhere.
So instead, I tried pointing out why, given his own principles, there’s not much too feel guilty about in the case that he accepts the grant and in doing so that required pointing out why your thief analogy is a little off. But, let’s try to attach some real numbers to this just to get an idea of how inconsequential accepting this grant is. Let’s make this as favourable to your case as we can get, and say OP is from some very small, poor country Sao Tome e Principe (government expenditure of just over 50m USD a year) and lets use the most expensive undergraduate programme we can as a baseline for the cost to his government, a quick Google search shows Sarah Lawrence College to take this title, coming in at just over 50K USD. Let’s furthermore make the assumption that OP is going to take 10 years to finish his doctorate.
So, total cost of his graduate education is going to be somewhere in the range of 500k, and his governments budget is 500m, a whole 1% of their expenditure goes towards OP. Instead, let’s say that OP comes from an OECD country, say, Portugal (relatively poor by OECD standards) and that his grad school only costs 10K USD (still pretty generous) for 5 years (average for econ PhDs, not sure for math though). All of a sudden, his government is spending 50K USD out of its 114,700M USD budget on him to go to grad school. So, now he’s accepting a cent from a guy who has stolen just under 23K.
Let me put it this way, if I was robbed for 23K and you accepted a cent from the guy who did it (knowingly) in order to get a train to an interview for your dream job, I don’t think I’d hold it against you. Then there’s also considerations of how much he will increase the tax base, one source (http://www.census.gov/prod/2002pubs/p23-210.pdf) puts the value addded of a doctorate on lifetime earnings at 30K a year on average (at least, that-s what I got, but I only looked very quickly). Taxing that at 40% means he’s going to pay 12K a year more tax than he otherwise would, you’re going to need a pretty steep discount rate to ensure that he won’t pay back the value of the degree. With any reasonably interest rate, he’d pay that back within a decade, and then some.