I’m not sure what you mean here, sorry.
Until I finish Philosophy of Right this will be of discussion, because I won’t be able to discuss Philosophy of Right in full yet (or to fully understand it only 2/3rds in).
If there’s no objectively necessary foundation or structure (i.e. one dictated by external reality), then any/all foundations and structures are necessarily subjective.
Ultimately, your explanation for the superiority/nobility/morality/honorability of your ethics - and everyone else’s, including my own - rests upon one or more premises. Those premises are necessarily arbitrary from the standpoint of logic, as are all premises.
…and…
Sure, but those social/cultural/traditional norms themselves may well be based somehow on moral instincts. (I think this is highly likely.) My point is, however, that such norms nevertheless reside entirely within the mind. There exists no magical force or set of forces which takes the choice of whether to follow this or that norm away from an individual.
This can lead to some foundations or structures as those set by tradition and custom, or one of which does not exist (or which is of the making by the individual to suit the individual). One could say that such norms are of those of trial and error. Customs and structures that worked toward a positive outcome (to that of a negative) in one way or another (whether be material or not) and those that did not work were disregarded. It can be up to the individual to choose one or another, and one that person finds fitting.
I could just conclude this by saying it’s all subjective it it’s cultural tradition and customs compared to that of none and ethics and morality rests solely on the individual on what that individual believes to be right or wrong, and therefore it’s up to individuals acting in concert to decide what’s right and wrong, or good and evil. If that’s the case, what consensus is there for right and wrong, or good and evil? There would be none, and you’d have individuals with their own views of either, but what would happen to those indivudals? Would those of like minds cooperate towards what they believe or see to be in the best interest through trial/error and structure of which they form a foundation on (of which will rest their world view)?
I’m not sure if you’ll understand the Plato quote, but there are forms that can, or are, higher and lower. Again, this is subjective to what we percieve as right/wrong/good/bad/etc. Though, I’m sure you have your own views of higher and lower, good and bad, that you’d seperate from one another when you see something compared to another. These could show themselves in forms of music, literature, physical art, etc., in a way of how people carry themselves in accord with others. Have you ever thought to yourself when you see something that it’s not to your level or standards or way of thinking, that it’s “lower” or degenerate in some way? There are people who find pleasure in mindless and regressing arts that cause no real progress, it’s stagnant, only breeding much of the same which is no higher. What is higher and lower may be subjective to the group or individual, but we do decide ourselves something that’s less than and greater than in some way, and we put the negative away from us, and bring ourselves closer to a positive, higher, state of being.
I’ve noticed a certain anti-intellectualism going around this country; since about 1980, coincidentally enough. I was in Nashville, Tennessee, and after the show I went to a Waffle House. I’m not proud of it, but I was hungry. And I’m sitting there eating and reading a book. I don’t know anybody, I’m alone, so I’m reading a book. The waitress comes over to me like, “What’chu readin’ for?” I had never been asked that. Not “What am I reading?”, but “What am I reading for?” Goddangit, you stumped me. Hmm, why do I read? I suppose I read for a lot of reasons, one of the main ones being so I don’t end up being a fucking waffle waitress.
- Bill Hicks. Now, this quote seems out of place, but I feel it attributes to the Plato quote I posted in a very blunt way.