on incentives

what epistemological quality does the idea of incentives hold in austrian economics? That is, do we know they exist and do we understand it’s nature through apriori deduction or a posteriori empiricism?

And secondly how can one apply them in a given scenario -how is it possible to know that social security, for example, causes families to break up? Is it even possible to understand supply and demand in terms of incentives and the motivations of individuals alone? Or is it impossible to leave the conceptual confines of supply/demand curves and indifference models?