sounds like a homework question?
a change in preferences or income would shift demand. an increase an income might shift the demand for oranges (and other normal goods) outwards.
a change in technology (the production function) or input prices might shift the supply curve. for example, if the price of labor increases, then the supply curve for a particular good might shift inward.
the important thing to remember is that changes in quantities supplied and demanded are movements along given supply and demand curves, but not shifts in the curves themselves. thats probably the point of this problem.
I’ve always understood that concept, but I’ve never seen it written out like that for some reason. That’s really interesting.