struggling to learn austrian interest theory

The problem is that State distortion of the credit market prevents people from making rational “time preference” decisions.

Suppose I put my money in a bank and earn 2% interest. True inflation is 20%-30%. By keeping my money in a checking account, I’m earning a negative inflation-adjusted return.

I can’t validly express a preference for consumption later, because none of my investment options yield a return rate greater than 0%.

Even the stock market does not yield a positive inflation-adjusted return!

Corporations can borrow at artificially cheap rates. A corporation may borrow at 6%, while inflation is 20%-30%. Therefore, it makes sense to borrow and build a factory. The consequence is that too many factories are built. The Federal Reserve’s interest rate policy tricked corporate management into making bad decisions. There’s a boom of factory building, and then a bust when there’s too many factories and they can’t sell their products and repay their loans. Small businesses are bankrupted by the cycle, but large corporations can withstand the bust phase.

As an individual, if I want to borrow, I have to pay 8% or more, and I can’t borrow that much.

As an individual, I have no safe place to store my savings. Even gold and silver are risky. Transaction costs on gold and silver are high, due to State regulation of the market. There’s no safe place for me to store my physical gold or silver.

I can’t make the rational economic decision to work now and consume later, because the State distorts the credit market.

That 20%-30% inflation figure you just mentioned is the rate at which goods (that make up the CPI) are increasing in value against the money… So a valid investment option is simply to buy whatever goods make up the CPI. If you’re worried about inflation, buy commodities - the purchase of flour, last year in Germany, would have yeilded a 70% profit (not adjusted for inflation - perhaps a real profit of 60%) when sold at today’s prices.

So there are always investment opportunities. When saving cash stops making sense - save another commodity that the government is incapable of inflating (that being most of them - gold and silver you already mentioned, but good old coffee will do).