Welcome to the Mises Forum! Always great to have inquisitive new minds.
I always like to inform newcomers of The Ultimate Beginner meta-thread, which is a comprehensive collection of links and threads for all sorts of topics that you’ll probably want to explore at some point. I think you’ll find it really useful. (Also be sure to check out the welcome link there for forum tips and how-to’s).
As for your questions…
These are mostly having to do with political theory and ideology…whereas the Austrian School is a school of economic thought. But I’ll take them as they are:
First off, the answer to this is going to depend your definition of “regulation”. One would typically assume you mean “government mandate”. But you might mean something more general and inclusive of more possiblities. Either way, the answer will depend on who you ask, (as it is of course technically a personal question). But there is arguably no hard-lined “Austrian” answer to this, as it is more a political question. You may very well find adherents of the Austrian School who may approve of such things. However, many adherents identify as “anarcho-capitalists” or “voluntarists” (these are generally considered synonyms). For these Austrians, there is no role for a State at all.
This is kind of a loaded question, as it’s a lot like asking: “do you believe that automobiles can cause any problems through being large, fast-moving, and made of thousands of pounds of metal, glass, and plastic?”
Of course Earth is not Nirvana, but I think most people already know that. As Thomas Sowell said “nothing is easier than to prove that something human has imperfections.”
So to answer your question, yes “problems” (again, depending on your definition) can arise through the behavior of people involved in private industry…just like problems can arise through behavior of people anywhere.
You’ll have to be more specific of what you mean when you talk of “lack of transparency” and what “case” you’re talking about.
Again, the answer to this will depend on whom you ask, but for anarcho-capitalists/ voluntarists, the answer is “no”.
That’s actually a tough one. I am reluctant to say that virtually all Austrians are essentially voluntarists, but I would actually have a hard time coming up with any “generally agreed upon” Austrian prescription for government involvement in anything.
See here. Everything you see listed there is generally something Austrians would agree with, especially the “Mises Dailies” section, which is articles published by this website.
As for general tenets of the Austrian School in general, definitely check here. In particular, I find that “A Primer on Austrian Economics” offers a very well done and comprehensive overview of the school. However, it may be a bit much for someone who’s brand new…so if you find it too difficult to get through, you might try some of the other articles in that other link.
Welcome!