We need government or else we'd just kill each other

Arguing with a friend on facebook, he says human nature is evil:

"Ideally farmers would be protected by the government (helping them when natural disaster ruins crops, finding better technologies for more efficient growing, etc). I would say that is a way society respects farmers..Oh and by buying their goods.

And whether you like it or not, humans are mostly needed to be governed by some sort of force. Humans are lazy. They would not do things if they were not forced to do them. Hell they don’t even do things when they ARE forced to do them. It would be nice to trust everyone to do the right thing without some sort of authority figure there, but that is not reality. In absence of government, there will be chaos, and because of chaos people will start to band together to protect each other, and essentially what you have now is more governments being formed. It will start off with protection, then lead to someone being a ruler to enforce stability within that group.

Human nature is not pretty."

If humans are lazy how did we get the necessary capital and all the structure needed for government to operate in the first place?

Correct me if I am wrong, but aren’t human beings and human nature present in government?

Whatever you think are the inherent failings of human nature, they are present within government, except with the addition of a monopoly on legal aggression to carry out whatever the consequences of those failings might be.

Edit: Removed an assumption about the OP’s friend.

Humans sure are lazy apes, but never underestimate the power of incentives.

Why do people grind hundreds of hours of their lives on World of Warcraft?

Why do people work out for long hours in a gym?

Why do people campaign for politicians?

Heck, how does Wikipedia, founded by libertarian Jimmy Wales, function? Voluntary addition of information without your name showing up on the front page?

Why do people join afterschool clubs in school?

How do other current free-market things, like http://www.naturallygrown.org/about-cng (AnCap food certification), work?

Heck, how do any​ companies function? How do frickin unions​ function?

Next, look at his argument and challenge the assumption:

there will be chaos, and because of chaos people will start to band together to protect each other

He assumes there will be chaos, and from there it is easy to come up with doomsday scenarios (will a free society look like this: http://blog.kirkebykvalitet.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/07/Fallout3-11.jpg)

There is not chaos. Because people know that chaos sucks and society is nice.

Don’t let him win the chaos argument. We do not institute AnCap through a snap of the fingers. To change from democracy to AnCap we need a change in the culture and education of the public. Really, we need at least 51% to change things through the democratic system (though check out this article showing that 10% support is key http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2011/07/110725190044.htm). Achievement of AnCap comes through education about 1) self-ownership 2) Non-aggression 3) property rights 4) contract rights.

Consider the alternative. Should we instead institute a 20% theft rate, institute kidnapping (resisting taxes and getting jailed), institute abuse for exercising of freedoms (drinking raw milk, doing drugs, committing suicide, having multiple wives).

Does the guy not ​think? He wants to ​institutionalize​ aggression to eliminate it. Really?

Assume the crime rate jumps 400% percent in the US. This is better than the current government. Assume a 10x increase. Still better.

​Now, why is the above consideration pointless anyway? Private protection companies are more efficient that the government due to competition. Crime would not increase in AnCap.

A free society is not a stupid society. It could indeed look very, very much like the current society minus the institutionalized aggression.

Rhermida: great point to add! Humans are evil, so let’s put some in charge over us and believe they will do the best for us?

About another of your points:

Seems to me he is skating close to the Nirvana fallacy, personally.

Not yet, I don’t think. He’s not saying the system is not perfect, he is saying it is worse than the current one. It would be nice to push him into this fallacy.

If humans are “bad” then no government is possible. Government are just people with forcefully institutionalized exemptions to supposedly universal moral rules (because for some reason people think you can have “good” outcomes by using “bad” methods - wars bring peace, stealing,counterfeiting,destruction brings prosperity etc). Government is where bad moral rules are prevalent by definition (government as double moral standard). If humans are “bad” and need to be governed by force then who governs the government? If humans can’t be trusted then how you can trust people that make government? Slightly offtopic for another discussion: define human nature and explain why you think your definition is objective. Why there must neccessarily emerge forceful ruler? Why are you ignoring other possibility (bias,argument from ignorance)? Basically his argument ascribes magical properties to government institution - people in government magically are immune to all failings of supposedly “bad” human nature - they become demigods to lead us to nirvana.

“If men are good, you don’t need government; if men are evil or ambivalent, you don’t dare have one.” Robert LeFevre

Wheylous, I think you are probably right. In my experience, that is the thinking behind the tone of thought processes like the OP’s friend showed, but one shouldn’t assume what is one people’s minds.

To the OP, it might also be worthwhile to hammer away at the other side of the ledger, if your friend is taking a utilitarian perspective on things. That is, emphasize bad consequences that are directly tied to the institution of Government. The FDA is a classic example, considering many estimates conclude that even on the surface, the FDA actually causes a net loss of life by preventing life-saving measures/drugs from entering the market (or delaying them for a period of time), than it saves by stopping life-destroying measures/drugs.

My two cents.

Really, if most people were ‘evil’ like Libertyandlife’s friend thinks, there wouldn’t be a government claiming to fulfill the role that it does. It is allowed to exist because the majority of people feel that it is necessary. The majority of people feel that ethics are relevant, and they want a government to play the role of arbitrator and enforcer, at least.

If people really didn’t care without a government watching over their shoulder, then you would probably never see a government develop, as such, because none of them would think that the people controlling this government were acting boni fides.

The fact is that it is a small minority who behave like predators against their own species. It could only ever be a small minority, otherwise the species would probably be wiped out, and in any case wouldn’t have developed to the enormous social scale that it did. The trick, if you are one of this minority, who does not want their prey to know that they are not really part of the species, is to control the ethical system - make people believe that the existence of ethics is contingent upon your pleasure, and that the ethics themselves do not apply laterally to you. The trick - if you want to do really well for yourself as a thief - is to con people into accepting you as their king.

Be sure to catch 3:08

The claims of these organizers of humanity raise another question which I have often asked them and which, so far as I know, they have never answered: If the natural tendencies of mankind are so bad that it is not safe to permit people to be free, how is it that the tendencies of these organizers are always good? Do not the legislators and their appointed agents also belong to the human race? Or do they believe that they themselves are made of a finer clay than the rest of mankind? The organizers maintain that society, when left undirected, rushes headlong to its inevitable destruction because the instincts of the people are so perverse. The legislators claim to stop this suicidal course and to give it a saner direction. Apparently, then, the legislators and the organizers have received from Heaven an intelligence and virtue that place them beyond and above mankind; if so, let them show their titles to this superiority.

They would be the shepherds over us, their sheep. Certainly such an arrangement presupposes that they are naturally superior to the rest of us. And certainly we are fully justified in demanding from the legislators and organizers proof of this natural superiority.

  • Frederic Bastiat

Government is the source of chaos. They are the only institution with the respected authority to force everyone else to do or not to do things. They make and break their own laws as they go along. Astronomically higher amounts of crime have been committed by governments as compared to private criminals. Governments are the ultimate criminal organization because they institutionalized; that is, they’re funded by the public, established and respected in the public’s eyes, and the only organization which can do anything about it is the government itself.

This is purely because governments are monopolistic. And contrary to popular belief, they are monopolistic not because people have and continue to establish and support them. We need to destroy that myth; people never wanted the governments we see today. The governments of today were established through conquering and continue to rule through dominion.

That is, within their jurisdiction only they have the authorities to tax, enforce, and protect. Economics tells us monopolies will provide ever worse service, and the history of governments have demonstrated this ad nauseum. THE END.

But, this leads well into the rest of his question.

As he would expect, the chaos caused by government (or as humans react to any chaos and spontaenously organize) has caused people to seek security and organization. As he admits, the result would be more governments, which would implicitly be the proper solution (because it’s what people actually want), and the problem therefore is that monopolist governments currently are stopping us against our will (as all governments necessarily do).

As we have seen, people don’t want monopolist governments. They want to establish and try all kinds, and they should be allowed to.

Without government, we’d all kill each other. Oh, wait.

Without government, we’d descend into an orgy of violence and nasty, brutish behavior. Oh, wait.

Here’s his ultimatum reply during the conversation:

lol whoops forgot I was supposed to give a long detailed example…Instead, I will appeal to historical precedent. Look at human history. I’m talking about before the 1700s, Before the Crusades, before the Romans, Greeks, Egyptians and Mesopotamia, back all the way when humans were tribal bands composed mostly of families. The family was essentially the first form of government. After all, the mother or father could abandon their mate and offspring and become individualist and do their own thing. However, our species has evolved to be a social creature. We have realized that the best thing for us is to be in groups.

And so families became the first form of government, usually with the male as the leader, since he was larger and more able to protect the mother and children. The male was the first head of state then. Over time, families grew larger and maybe would merge with other families for mutual benefits. Again, larger numbers was a great way to bring about defense, but also was a great way to provide more food, to share ideas, to create social bonds, etc. And at the head of these groups of families? Most likely the strongest/most mature male leader. Unwritten rules began to be passed along. Perhaps you don’t sleep with another persons mate, or take their food or tools, you don’t come into their home without permission. And the person to enforce these rules? Usually that strongest leader.

Fast forward to about 7-10kya back, and you see the neolithic revolution take place. Humans became sedentary. They planted crops. They built up permanent or mostly permanent settlements. Each settlement was governed by a chief/king/leader/Council/Etc. There was government in place. And as earlier it served two purposes: protection of those people within the group and to create societal order. This was to prevent the chaos of human nature.

Imagine this scenario with no sort of order, where it is up to each person to look out for his or her own. I come home to my little shack to find my grain missing. I suspect it is my neighbor. After all, he seems to be a bit more fat than I am. He obviously took it. Since there is no governing authority to decide if something is legitimate or not, I can obviously take matters into my own hands. I go and accuse the man of taking my grain. He denies it. But I know he did it. A scuffle breaks out, and in the end the other man is dead. But after I return to my home, I find a nest of rats outside feeding on something. What is it? It is my grain. I just killed a man over grain that was eaten by rats. Since there were no courts, police, juries, etc, there was no way for the man to be found innocent, and thus I had to take matters into my own hands. We need social structure. We need as much order as possible.

I am not saying anarchy is nothing but chaos like you see in the movies. I am saying that human nature left unrestrained will cause chaos. If we weren’t depraved people, I would fully support the lack of governance. There would be no need for it.

WE have seen that from the time of the first man start walking and crafting tools, there has been murder, war, theft, jealousy, and chaos.

Let’s fast forward to know. Let’s say we wiped away 95% of the US government’s influence over society. Do you honestly believe we will transition nicely into some idealistic paradise where everyone respects each other? If so, I have a ocean front property to sell to you, over in North Dakota. There will be typical human actions. Murder, theft, chaos. And in the chaos, people will band together for protection and to offer stability in small communities, and voila! You have the same thing as before: government!

I would love to do an experiment with you, where we take 100 people out into the forest some place and tell them to just live. And over time we come back and see how the are doing. They will start in anarchy, with no one ruling over another, every person left to do for themselves what is best. They will end in some sort of formal societal structure, also known as government, or maybe even two or three smaller societies. Either way, they will naturally form to a model of government. Having authority and stability is as much nature to us as is pride and greed.

Now we can look at one last example of anarchy, and I am not even going to mention Somalia because I believe that isn’t truly an anarchy, even though many silly liberals will point to it as being one. Instead, I will refer you to the international community. I had a I.R. professor once who claimed that International Relations is anarchy. Of course, in the last 60 years or so we have tried to regulate it with international organizations such as the UN or strategic alliances, such as NATO. However, if you want a clear picture of anarchy, you need not look further than IR. No nation has a central authority over it, therefore it does what is sees fit to be best for itself. I believe that would be the most basic definition of Anarchy, no?

So we have every nation doing what it sees is best for itself. You have some like Switzerland who fell like they just need to leave everyone alone, and it has worked well for them. Then you have others like the US, UK, France, and historically nations like Germany, HRE, Roman Empire, and so forth, who believe what is best for them is to acquire resources and lands from other people groups. This of course leads to conflict. Then you have those nations which believe it is their best interest to form a coalition with other nations, for mutual defense against the types of aggression practiced by the aforementioned. It is like how human individuals and family groups did when they first came around, no? Now, look at history when there has been a case of an empire dominating over IR. Say, Rome, for example. What happened when Rome fell? According to you, everything should have been better for the world. No one ruling over another, people to live as freely as they want. Instead, you have Germanic and Gallic tribes all vying to fill that power, up until you have the reign of Charlemagne. Various places in the world have seen this same thing happen over and over again. There is a vacuum of power, groups fight for that power, one or two groups become the dominant power, those groups decline and the cycle begins again.

If we have witnessed all of this throughout history, and continue to see it today, then doesn’t it make sense to accept the reality that humans are not ready, nor have been ready in the last 50k+ years, nor will be ready in any foreseeable future, to embrace and live out anarchy? Shouldn’t we then accept that we need to live with some sort of central authority? Shouldn’t we also realize that this authority isn’t automatically the best, and needs work? These are the realizations that I have come to.

He conflates social co-operation with government several times in this piece. I think it best to go back to basics and actually define government, point out the gun in the room etc.

Can you link to the original thread, rather than copying here?

I’ll just rebut a few gems from the above:

The author is terribly confused. The defining feature of government is monopoly on force and law and the forcible collection of revenues (parasitic subsistence). It is true that in a more family-oriented society, such as gypsies, children and other extended members of the family under a patriarch contribute to the wealth of the whole family (collectivism) and that the patriarch’s role in this might be advisory rather than productive (parasitic). But the author isn’t even bringing this up. He seems to conflate government with any sort of social organization.

The author assumes that there are no diseconomies of scale, that is, he assumes that “bigger is always better.” The inevitable conclusion of this line of reasoning is already built into the assumption: a global government is the best imaginable sort of organization of human society because it is the largest possible group.

Presumably, the chief/king/leader/Council/Etc. was also populated by humans or were they extra-terrestrials? What prevented the chaos of their human nature?

This is an ancillary problem and we know it is solvable by means other than a wise King pronouncing judgment on matters that do not concern him because there are many examples of societies where there is no such wise King and yet disputes generally get resolved in an orderly manner (Somali law, for example).

http://mises.org/daily/1356

Of course not. No one can possibly know the outcome of a rash, sudden and massive alteration of the legal status quo beyond the historical example that this has resulted in social breakdown every time. No one is proposing that we simply wave a wand and say “all government laws are hereby non-enforceable, null and void.” This is clearly not the way out of our current predicament and the suggestion that anti-statist thought is proposing this or can only be proposing this is to strawman the issue.

The author is refuting himself. The world has not destroyed itself in an orgy of violence despite the world’s nations not having a single, unitary government to which they are all subject. That’s precisely the point of anti-statist thought… you don’t need a Leviathan to resolve every dispute according to its own interests and (arbitrary) judgment. In fact, such an organization actually erodes social order.

Clayton -

I do think that humans are civilized enough to adapt to a society without a national government. But i do think at the moment that people are generally very uninformed when it comes to that sort of society. This is why I think it would require a sort of transition that could take generations. The government was not born over night and it will not die over night. But as long as we are moving in the right direction then we can be reassured. At the moment we are not moving in the right direction. They are moving towards move government and more centralization every day.

Government is viewed as an extension of the family, and that’s a bad thing.

SCREW BACKSPACE! I HAD TYPED A TWO PAGE RESPONSE TO THIS AND THEN IT GOT SIMPLY DELETED BY GOING BACK IN HISTORY!!! GAHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHH.

It was beautiful, too.