It is my understanding that until the 1950’s, there was a quota limit on the number of jews who could be admitted to a university and/or gain professorship at a university in the united states . Now what I want to know is, was there a any federal laws(similar to the civil rights act of 1964 for blacks) passed that forced universities not to hold the jewish quota policy or did most of the universities revoke their anti-semitic policy voluntarily? I have unsuccessfully not found any source that says the quota system was eliminated due to any laws so I am assuming that the quota policy was eliminated voluntarily until I see information that says otherwise.
I don’t know if universities/governments see things like that as anti-Semitic or pro-[other races]. I’m just guessing, but it may have been that so many people of Jewish descent were gaining success that they wanted to make affirmative action possible. There are still quotas on how many ‘minorities’ can enter certain workforces/schools/etc., so the old anti-Semitic stance just kind of changes into pro-affirmative action.
I heard about this in relation to interwar Poland, but not for the US.
Milton Friedman’s wife (Rose Director) in his biography (Two Lucky People) wrote that they faced serious anti-semitism early during his career, for instance, in Wisconsin, while he was a professor there.